Tughluq Dynasty

Q.1 The most learned ruler of the Delhi sultanate who was well versed in various branches of learning including Astronomy, Mathematics and Medicine was – (U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2012)

(a) Iltutmish

(b) Alauddin Khalji

(c) Muhammad-Bin-Tughluq

(d) Sikandar Lodi

Ans. (c)

Exp:

1.  Muhammad bin Tughluq (1325–1351 CE) is often described in medieval Indian history as one of the most learned and intellectually accomplished Sultans of the Delhi Sultanate.
2.  He had knowledge of several fields, including: Astronomy, Mathematics, Medicine, Philosophy, Religion, Persian and Arabic literature. He was also known for his excellent memory and intellectual abilities and was interested in scholars and intellectual discussions.

Q.2 The department of 'Diwan-i-Amir-Kohi' dealt with which of the following during Sultanate period? (U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2017)

(a) Army (b) Revenue (c) Agriculture (d) Entertainment

Ans. (c)

Exp:

1. Diwan-i-Amir-Kohi was an agricultural department established by Muhammad-bin-Tughluq. Its main purpose was to promote and improve agriculture, especially in the Doab region between the Ganga and Yamuna.
2. Muhammad-bin-Tughluq wanted to increase agricultural production. The department:

·   Provided loans (Takavi) to farmers.

·   Encouraged cultivation of uncultivated/waste land.

·   Tried to improve agricultural production.

·   Assisted farmers with resources such as seeds and cultivation expenses.

1.   However, the scheme was largely unsuccessful because of poor implementation, corruption and unfavorable conditions.
2.  Army → Military administration was handled through other departments and officials.
3.  Revenue → Revenue administration was separate; Diwan-i-Wizarat was the principal department concerned with finance/revenue.
4.  Entertainment → No such function.

Q.3 Who among the following was the first Sultan to introduce token currency in India? (U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2017)

(a) Iltutmish (b) Balban (c) Muhammad-Bin Tughluq (d) Bahlul Lodi

Ans. (c)

Exp:

Muhammad-bin-Tughluq introduced token currency around 1329–30 CE, issuing copper/brass coins with a face value equivalent to the silver tanka. However, widespread counterfeiting undermined the system. The Sultan eventually withdrew the token currency and exchanged the copper/brass coins for silver coins. 

Q.4 Which Delhi Sultan built the maximum number of canals? (65th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2019)

(a) Firuz Shah Tughluq (b) Iltutmish (c) Balban (d) Sikandar Lodi

(e) None of the above/More than one of the above

Ans. (a)

Exp:

1.  Firuz Shah Tughlaq (1351–1388 CE) is particularly known for constructing and repairing numerous canals and irrigation works. His main objective was to promote agriculture and irrigation by bringing water to cultivated areas. Important canals associated with him include:

·   Yamuna to Hisar canal

·   Sutlej to Ghaggar canal

·   Yamuna to Hansi canal

·   Ghaggar to Firozabad canal

·   These irrigation projects helped expand cultivation and improve agricultural productivity.

Q.5 With reference to digging canals for enriching agriculture, who among the following is given the credit of being the first ruler of 14th century? (U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2017)

(a) Balban (b) Iltutmish (c) Ghiyasuddin Tughluq (d) Raziyya Begum

Ans. (c)

Exp:

·   Ghiyasuddin Tughluq (1320–1325 CE) is credited in standard medieval Indian history with initiating canal construction for agricultural purposes in the 14th century. Ghiyasuddin Tughluq paid attention to agriculture and irrigation. He encouraged the construction of canals to provide water for cultivation and thereby increase agricultural production.

·   This is an important distinction from Firuz Shah Tughluq, who later expanded canal construction on a much larger scale.

Q.6 What was ‘Dar-ul-Shafa’ established by Firuz Tughluq? (U.P. P.C.S. (Pre) 2013)

(a) An almshouse (b) A free hospital (c) A library (d) A guest house for pilgrims

Ans. (b)

Exp:

·   Firuz Shah Tughlaq established Dar-ul-Shafa, meaning “House of Healing”, as a free hospital for the treatment of sick people.

·   Dar-ul-Shafa provide:

·   Free medical treatment

·   Medicines for patients

·   Medical care under appointed physicians

·   It was part of Firuz Shah's welfare-oriented public works.

Q.7 Which one of the following is NOT correctly matched? (U.P.P.C.S. (Pre.) 2021)

(Ruler)                  (State)

(a) Rana Hamir           Mewar

(b) Rana Chunda         Marwar

(c) Malik Raja Farooqi     Khandesh

(d) Malik Sarwar Khwaja

Jahan               Malwa

Ans (d)

Exp:

1. Rana Hamir (Hamir Singh) was an important ruler of Mewar and restored the power of the Sisodia dynasty.
2. Rao Chunda was an important ruler of Marwar and associated with the Rathore dynasty.
3. Malik Raja Farooqi founded the Farooqi dynasty of Khandesh around the late 14th century.
4. Malik Sarwar, also known as Khwaja Jahan, founded the Sharqi dynasty of Jaunpur, not Malwa.
5. Malwa was ruled by the Malwa Sultanate, founded by Dilawar Khan Ghuri.

Q.8 Who among the following rulers, ruled for the maximum period? (71st B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2025)

(a) Muhammad bin Tughluq (b) Alauddin Khilji (c) Bahlol Lodi (d) Balban

Ans. (c)

Exp: